Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

水力发电学报

Office Online

Included Databases

The journal is included in the following databases:
(i)Scopus,
(ii)The Chinese Science Citation Database Source Journals,
(iii)The Chinese Science Journal Abstract Database,
(iv)The Chinese Science and Technology Papers Statistics and Analysis Database,
(v)China Newspaper Subscription Guide Information Database,
(vi)Chinese Academic Journals (CD).


2020 Vol. 39, No. 11 Published: 2020-11-25

	1	Overview of research and engineering application of steel-lined reinforced concrete penstocks laid on downstream dam surfaces ^Hot!
		WU Hegao, MA Zhu, SHI Changzheng
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201101
		The steel-lined reinforced concrete penstock laid on the downstream dam surface is a main layout of water diversion pipes for a hydropower house at dam toe, and its safety and reliability is crucial to safe, normal operation of the project. This paper presents a brief review and analysis of its pros and cons and historical development, and then compares and sums up the theoretical analysis, model test, and numerical calculation, among other methods used for its research and design, based on typical engineering examples in China and abroad and existing application problems. And we summarize recent advancements in the studies of load bearing mechanism and crack characteristics under internal water pressure, temperature loads, and seismic loads, focusing on the calculation methods and control measures of crack openings of the concrete around the penstocks. Finally, we discuss the problems and directions for further studies in the penstock layout of hydropower houses at dam toe and suggest ideas for the design innovation of penstocks.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 1-12 [Abstract] ( 108 ) PDF (1265 KB) ( 429 )

	13	Framework for seismic safety risk assessment of high concrete dams
		ZHANG Mingxu, WANG Jinting
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201102
		Seismic safety is a challenging issue for high dams in Southwest China. This paper presents a new framework for seismic safety risk assessment of high concrete dams, including four parts of potential life loss, property damage, social impacts, and environment damage. First, four seismic dam damage levels–intact, slight-moderate damage, severe damage, and dam failure–are suggested; then, for each level, the loss of life, economic loss, and social impact, and environmental impact are analyzed. Finally, F-N curves and the ALARP approach are used to assess the seismic risk of dams. Generally, the overall risk of high concrete dams, by different combinations of potential seismic losses, can be divided into four levels: low risk, moderate risk, high risk, and extremely high risk.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 13-20 [Abstract] ( 125 ) PDF (697 KB) ( 371 )

	21	Deformation behavior analysis of Jinping arch dam based on spatiotemporal model of variable intercept panel data
		WANG Jimin, GU Chongshi, ZHANG Chen, LIU Jian
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201103
		The deformation behaviors of an arch dam that are determined by multi-factor coupling are usually characterized by variations in space and time. Based on a spatiotemporal model of variable intercept panel data, this study makes full use of the deformation data from an array of gauging points at Jinping arch dam to examine its deformation behaviors, and solves the problem of conventional statistical models that are limited to a single data point of the time sequence in dam deformation analysis. The results show this panel model accurately detects the spatiotemporal characteristics of dam deformation responses and is validated by its good fitting accuracy and extension. In addition, it is capable of controlling the differences between gauging points and accurately evaluating the impact of each component on different zones of the dam body, thereby remedying the shortcoming of conventional models. And it manifests lower multi-factor collinearity and robustness among other excellent properties and thus helps promote the level of online dam safety monitoring.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 21-30 [Abstract] ( 130 ) PDF (797 KB) ( 391 )

	31	Risk-benefit analysis of late stage diversion for high dams impounding water in advance
		CHEN Li, LIU Lian, XU Shan, HUANG Jianwen
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201104
		In late stage diversion, more power generation benefit can be achieved by impounding water earlier. However, in flood season, this measure will increase the risk of overtopping during dam construction and add the cost for accelerating progress to meet the early impoundment goal, making diversion decision more complicated. In this study, we simulate the diversion risk rates of dam construction in different schemes of initial water impoundment, considering hydrological and hydraulic uncertainties and flood prevention during dam construction. And we calculate impoundment duration, power generation and generation benefit for different impoundment schemes and different guarantee rates. Through a comprehensive consideration of the risk rate, power generation benefit and construction cost, we develop a multi-objective decision model for seeking a satisfactory start timing of dam impoundment. A case study of an under-construction dam on the Yalong River shows this method can give a comprehensive evaluation on the economic benefit and risk of early impoundment schemes aimed at finding reasonable impoundment timing.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 31-39 [Abstract] ( 91 ) PDF (751 KB) ( 266 )

	40	Architecture of construction management platform for hydraulic engineering based on block chain
		HU Jing, CHEN Zuyu, WANG Yujie, ZHAO Yufei, LEI Yumeng
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201105
		In recent years, informatization has improved gradually in hydraulic engineering management, but it is still impossible to achieve paperless file management in a short time. Extra efforts has to be spent on the informatization system in construction sites, which somehow limits the progress and development of information technology. In addition, information in the centralized database is also easy to be tampered, limiting its use in engineering management. Block chain, featured with distributed storage and chain data structure, has shown a great potential in data tamper-proof and traceability. Based on block chain, this paper develops an improvement on the construction management system in hydraulic engineering, which involves specifying a node composition in the system, defining the categories of transactions for construction projects, presenting the data structures of transaction and block, and designing the architecture of the block chain and the system. Application scenarios for typical engineering projects are provided, demonstrating an innovation of block chain application in hydraulic engineering.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 40-48 [Abstract] ( 226 ) PDF (968 KB) ( 391 )

	49	Simulations of extreme precipitations based on extreme distributions and MCMC method
		HE Xinyue, ZENG Xiankui, WANG Dong
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201106
		Analysis of the uncertainty of extreme precipitations is essential to urban flood control. In this study, we select the records of daily precipitations in Beijing, Shenzhen and Jinan in the period of 1952 to 2012, and use them to simulate the annual maximum and peak-over-threshold precipitation sequences for each of these cities with the generalized extreme distribution (GEV) and generalized Pareto distribution (GPD). And the parameters are estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The simulation results show the MCMC method is well applicable to uncertainty analysis of extreme precipitation simulations. The best models it identified are featured with correlation coefficients and determination coefficients both generally as high as 0.95, root-mean-square errors and mean absolute errors of extreme precipitations generally lower than 0.6 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively, and well-behaved confidence intervals of the simulated values. The confidence intervals simulated using GPD perform better; the design rainstorms with the same recurrence interval calculated using GEV are stronger. Considering the difference of GEV and GPD in applicability to different cities, we recommend the method of combining different distributions be used in simulation of extreme precipitations.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 49-58 [Abstract] ( 159 ) PDF (507 KB) ( 355 )

	59	Study on patterns of flood coincidence in Dongting Lake basin
		QIU Hongya, LI Yanqing, CHEN Lu, ZHANG Dongdong, QI Yaole
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201107
		Flood coincidence probability analysis is essential to flood control and disaster reduction. Previous studies on multi-source flood coincidence are limited to asymmetric Archimedean Copula that has the defects of complicated formula, more parameters, and poor expansibility. This paper adopts an elliptic Copula function to construct numerical models for the coincidence of occurrence dates, dates-magnitudes, and runoff processes of multi-source floods in the Dongting Lake basin. The probability of flood coincidence is calculated for multi-type and multi-scenario cases. We reveal time delay in the coincidence process of the floods from three tributaries and compare the model calculations with the statistical data of synchronous field observation. The calculations are consistent with the natural patterns of flood occurrence and basically agree with the field observations, showing the reliability of our model. Thus, the proposed method helps improve river basin flood control and project safety against floods.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 59-70 [Abstract] ( 150 ) PDF (888 KB) ( 410 )

	71	Identification of sensitive parameters of SWMM based on local and global methods
		XIANG Daifeng, CHENG Lei, XU Zongxue, CHEN Hao, LI Min
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201108
		To identify the sensitive parameters of a storm water management model (SWMM) and thus achieve their efficient calibration, this study develops a SWMM for the Shenzhen River basin. Both the modified Morris screening method and mutual information (M-I) method are separately used to quantitatively analyze the sensitivity of the peak flow at the drainage outlet and the average runoff coefficient of the basin to the model parameters under design rainstorms of return periods of 1 year, 10 years, and 50 years. The results of both methods reveal that for different design rainstorms, the peak flow is most sensitive to the Manning roughness coefficient and minimum infiltration rate of the permeable area, and the runoff coefficient is most sensitive to the parameters related to infiltration. However, with rainstorm intensity increasing, the sensitivity of runoff coefficients to the maximum or minimum infiltration rates manifests different trends calculated by different methods. While Morris method gives a decreasing trend, the M-I method gives the opposite.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 71-79 [Abstract] ( 183 ) PDF (1145 KB) ( 517 )

	80	Spatiotemporal characteristics analysis of water pollutants in Xixian New Area in Weihe River basin
		DONG Wen, WANG Ruichen, LI Huaien, LI Jiake
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201109
		To find out the surface water quality in Xi-xian New Area, we monitored the water quality in three rivers in this area for two years. And we used cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and factor analysis to examine the spatial and temporal distributions of pollutants and their variations in the study area, along with an analysis of the pollution sources. The results show that the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution is severe in the monitored river sections, with the total nitrogen (TN) exceeding the Class IV surface water quality standard level by 7.62 times, total phosphorus (TP) by 3.60 times, and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) by 1.89 times. Cluster analysis shows the water quality falls into three categories in different seasons: wet season of June through October, normal season of March through May, and dry season of November through February. Spatially, it falls into two categories, one cluster for the water quality in the Weihe River and the Fenghe River, and the other for the Xinhe River. Water pollution in the monitored river sections is greatly influenced by the quality of their upstream inflow. In the mainstream Weihe, the major pollution sources are the domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, and agricultural non-point pollutants discharged in its upstream regions; Fenghe’s major pollution source is agricultural pollutants; Xinhe’s pollutants largely come from anthropogenic pollution.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 80-89 [Abstract] ( 103 ) PDF (722 KB) ( 316 )

	90	Combination coefficient method for allocating incremental benefit of multi-objective operation to cascade reservoirs
		CHEN Mufeng, DONG Zengchuan, JIA Wenhao, NI Xiaokuan, YAO Hongyi
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201110
		Under recent comprehensive watershed development, a fair, efficient and reasonable scheme for benefit allocation to multi-stakeholders is key to maintaining cooperation stability and development sustainability for cascade reservoirs. This paper presents a new model of combination coefficient incremental benefit allocation that can consider both the contribution degree and sacrifice degree of cascade reservoirs, considering the requirement of multi-objective water resources development and the issue with benefit allocation to multi-stakeholders. This model can give reasonable incremental benefit allocation to the coalition through combining the incremental benefit contribution degree in joint operation for power generation optimization with the benefit sacrifice degree in multi-objective optimal operation. The results show that the allocation of incremental benefit is essentially a reward for contribution and a compensation for sacrifice; reservoirs with more contribution and sacrifice receive more incremental benefits, demonstrating the fairness and reasonableness of the model. Compared with the proportional distribution method or traditional Shapley value distribution, our new method is better in line with the requirement of recent multi-objective water resources development.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 90-99 [Abstract] ( 116 ) PDF (1407 KB) ( 280 )

	100	Flow control device of governing system for pump-storage units
		WANG Zhili, JIA Xiaoping, ZHU Tingzhong, CAO Weifu, WU Tingjun
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201111
		A pumped-storage unit usually works in many different conditions at high water heads with complicated flows in its draft tube, and therefore the speed control requirement for its guide vane opening and closing is quite different from general hydropower units. To meet the requirement, this paper describes a method for guide vane opening and closing rate control under different working conditions that is derived through numerical simulations of regulating guarantee in a case study of the governing system in Jilin Dunhua pump-storage units. Then, we demonstrate the design of a new flow control device that meets the requirement and is based on the principle of cartridge valves, and analyze its working principle, structure, and design characteristics, focusing on the flow control method for accident shutdown in pump and turbine modes. Finally, the device is tested and verified through laboratory experiments showing its effective performance and applicability that improves the design of guide vane speed control, accident shutdown, and over speed protection functions.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 100-111 [Abstract] ( 132 ) PDF (1228 KB) ( 341 )

	112	Optimization of runner-type guide vanes of hydraulic turbine in hydraulic turbine mode
		LI Yanpin, WEN Zibin, ZHANG Zichao, CHEN Dexin
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201112
		Further study on interturbine guide vanes is necessary, as they account for up to 40% of the total head loss in hydraulic turbine mode. Among interstage guide vanes available, the runner type is good in hydraulic performance, because it integrates guide vanes and return guide vanes together and its flow passage is relatively independent. Based on the theory of hydraulic prime mover, this paper describes new designs of runner-type vanes that match the turbine mode, with the concept of flow loop running through the whole design procedure of a hydraulic turbine runner. An optimization algorithm of orthogonal tests is adopted to design orthogonal test schemes for four main factors: guide blade angle φ, guide blade outlet angle , return guide blade width , and the maximum diameter of the flow passage outer wall; and each is tested at four levels. Influence of each factor on guide blade performances are evaluated through CFD calculations and comparative analysis of the performances in different schemes. On this basis, we achieve a guide blade design of higher efficiency; its hydraulic performance, blade surface pressure distributions, and blade internal flow patterns are analyzed. The results of range analysis show that among the influences of different parameters on efficiency, is the largest and the smallest; on water head, is the largest and φ the smallest. Though optimizing the model, its efficiency is increased by 5.83% at the design point, applied head increased by 7.15%, and interstage guide vane loss reduced by 1.16%. And water flows in the blade passages are more stable. Thus, the optimized model meets the requirements of energy recovery from the high residual pressure liquid in hydraulic turbines, providing a useful design and optimization approach for the runner-type guide vanes of hydraulic turbines.
		2020 Vol. 39 (11): 112-120 [Abstract] ( 122 ) PDF (2711 KB) ( 332 )