Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

水力发电学报

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The journal is included in the following databases:
(i)Scopus,
(ii)The Chinese Science Citation Database Source Journals,
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(v)China Newspaper Subscription Guide Information Database,
(vi)Chinese Academic Journals (CD).


2020 Vol. 39, No. 10 Published: 2020-10-25

	1	Research status and prospects on water conservancy big data ^Hot!
		JIANG Yunzhong, YE Yuntao, ZHAO Hongli, LIANG Lili, CAO Yin, GU Jingjing
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201001
		It is extremely difficult to carry out fine management and control of the full life cycle of water conservancy objects due to their large quantites, a wide range of types, a wide spatial distribution, complex operation environments, and many interrelated factors. To solve this problem, a fundamental approach is to combine a certain water conservancy big data technology characterized by association analysis with a professional mechanism model characterized by causality, integration and fusion, and efficient process; to analyze the massive and multi-source data intelligently; and to proactivily present useful highly-visualized results to management decision-makers. This paper provides a review on the concept of water conservancy big data and its technology system, along with an overview on the research status quo of natural law analysis, situation research and judgment, trend prediction, and decision optimization for water conservancy. We find that the future trend in big data technology development is toward scenario-based demands, management integration, analysis intelligence, service platforms, and guarantee systems. In water conservancy big data application, data are fundamental, analysis is the core, and the ultimate goal is to improve the efficiency of water treatment by using big data technology. Thus, we should deeply tap the real demands of water conservancy business management; integrate the panoramic data in the fields of water disasters, water resources, water environment, water ecology, and water engineering; comprehensively lay out the research on basic theories and core technologies, so as to accelerate the deep integration of big data technology with water conservancy and support the complete transformation and upgrade of water governance in China.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 1-32 [Abstract] ( 1035 ) PDF (863 KB) ( 2240 )

	33	Mid- and long-term runoff forecasting based on improved deep belief networks model
		YUE Zhaoxin, AI Ping, XIONG Chuansheng, SONG Yanhong, HONG Min, YU Jiarui
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201002
		To improve the mid- and long-term runoff forecasting of a watershed, this paper develops a new method integrating a comprehensive runoff index, factor reduction, and an improved deep belief networks model. First, we examine the consistency of runoff at different hydrological stations and construct a comprehensive runoff index to characterize the abundance and drought of runoff in the watershed. And we apply a partial mutual information approach to select key factors from the multiple factors, and the selected key factors are taken as inputs of deep learning. Then, an improved deep belief networks (IDBN) model is developed for mid- and long-term runoff forecasting. In a case study of Yalong River basin, this model is compared with several state-of-the-art forecasting models: multivariable linear regression (MLR), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, backpropagation neural networks (BPNN), support vector machines (SVM), and typical deep belief networks models. Results demonstrate our method can significantly reduce computational cost and improve forecasting accuracy, thus helping the mid- and long-term runoff forecasting of watersheds.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 33-46 [Abstract] ( 256 ) PDF (1119 KB) ( 515 )

	47	Study on management of technical standard differences in international construction projects
		KANG Yanling, TANG Wenzhe, SHEN Wenxin, LIU Yang, ZHANG Huicong
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201003
		Understanding the influence mechanism of technical standard differences and technical knowledge management on international construction project implementation can help Chinese contractors take effective measures to improve the management of technical standard differences and international competitiveness. This paper constructs and verifies a theoretical model of the management of technical standard differences, based on literature review, questionnaires, interviews, and case studies. The results show that differences in health, safety and environment standards are the largest, followed by differences in material standards and design standards. The contractors perform well in studying technical standard knowledge at the organizational level, but still need to improve the storage process of technical standard knowledge. Differences in technical standards affect project performance by causing performance problems, which play a full mediation role. Strengthening knowledge management of technical standards can lower the frequency of project problems and improve project performance.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 47-56 [Abstract] ( 111 ) PDF (436 KB) ( 298 )

	57	Diagnosis and driving force analysis of variations in precipitation- temperature relation of Xijiang River basin
		LIU Zhe, HUANG Qiang, YANG Yuanyuan, HUANG Shengzhi
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201004
		Intensification in climate change and frequent human activities makes it unclear whether or not the precipitation-temperature dependent structure in the Xijiang River basin has changed and what are the driving forces behind it. Using the maximum likelihood ratio (CLR) method of Copula functions, this paper presents a diagnosis of the structure changes and explores the driving forces behind the change through considering the factors of local meteorology and remote correlation. The results show that a sudden change in this structure occurred in the upper Xijiang basin in February 2002 and also in the Yujiang basin in April 1985. Wind speed has significant positive correlation with the dependent structure of the whole time series, but relative humidity is correlated negatively. We found that arctic oscillations are the main driving force that impacts the East Asian monsoon and then on the local wind speed, and variations in the latter can modify the precipitation-temperature relationship, thereby causing significant variations in the dependent structure.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 57-71 [Abstract] ( 193 ) PDF (8909 KB) ( 178 )

	72	Prediction of watershed pollutant flux based on Long Short-Term Memory neural network
		LIU Yingjun, WANG Kang, LI Li
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201005
		Previous watershed hydrological and pollutant migration and transformation models are greatly affected in simulation effectiveness by their initial conditions, boundary conditions, numerical resolution, and parameter sensitivity; and the existing deep learning models lack consideration of physical mechanisms in analysis of pollutant flux time series data. Aimed at these two problems, this paper presents a watershed pollutant flux prediction model based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network. First, we construct a multivariable time series prediction model with the aid of the deep learning framework Keras. To determine its input parameters, we use the meteorological data of the watershed as the driving factor of its pollutant production and collection, and select its previous rainfall as the index of its soil dry-wet degree; then, using these indexes, we analyze the differences in pollutant flux under different rainfall intensities in different months and hydrological periods. Hence, the features–meteorology, soil dry-wet degree, and the level, month and hydrological period of the rainfall–can be added to the model input list. A LSTM-based time simulator is used to identify the inherent characteristics of historical data and the complex nonlinear relationship between the input features. The prediction performance of this LSTM pollutant flux model is evaluated by comparing the simulated watershed daily pollutant fluxes with measurements in-situ and using a comparative analysis with the distributed hydrological and pollutant migration and transformation process model (SWAT model) of the watershed. And the contribution rates of different input features are analyzed. Thus, we have verified the feasibility of the LSTM model and demonstrated a new idea for better predictions of watershed pollutant fluxes.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 72-81 [Abstract] ( 287 ) PDF (1376 KB) ( 537 )

	82	Study on improved sliding mode control strategy suitable for hydropower units
		WU Daoping, YAN Bo, LIU Dong, XIAO Zhihuai
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201006
		In recent years, with the increasing proportion of renewable energy such as wind and solar types in the energy supply, its intermittency and unpredictability have brought more challenges to the stability of power grids. Hydropower units, as important regulators in a power grid, are often equipped with governors that widely use traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. However, PID control has poor adaptability to complicated unit operating conditions; while sliding mode control, as an important robust control strategy, has great potential in achieving the optimal operation of hydropower units. This paper describes an improved sliding mode controller for the hydro-turbine regulating system, and analyzes the cause of the false stability phenomenon. We optimize the parameters of this controller based on the adaptive fuzzy particle swarm optimization (AFPSO) algorithm and the integrated time absolute error (ITAE) indicators, and verify its effectiveness through a case study of numerical simulations.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 82-91 [Abstract] ( 144 ) PDF (1140 KB) ( 317 )

	92	Study on critical stable gas volume in air cushion surge chamber
		OU Chuanqi, LIU Deyou, ZHOU Ling
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201007
		The critical stable cross-sectional area of an air cushion surge chamber (ACSC) determined by the open surge chamber stability theory is related to the height of the gas column in the chamber, and both are the factors of the closed gas chamber volume. To understand the relationship of the stability of ACSC water level fluctuations versus the cross-sectional area and the indoor gas volume and verify the factors that determine the water level stability, this paper presents an analysis on the stable conditions of small fluctuations in an ACSC system, and reveals the stability is related to the cross-sectional area and indoor gas volume. We confirm that under the volume minimization conditions that meet the requirements for the structure, layout, construction, etc., the small fluctuation stability of an ACSC system mainly depends on its indoor gas volume. The concept of critical stable cross-sectional area is inaccurate, and an ACSC need not be limited to the equal area type. Then, we come up with new ideas for an ACSC critical stable gas volume and the corresponding design optimization, and develop a calculation formula for the critical stable gas volume with its parameters determined according to strict derivation and determination rules. And a variety of formulas for practical calculations are also derived.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 92-101 [Abstract] ( 156 ) PDF (497 KB) ( 292 )

	102	Study on strength degradation of soil-cement mixed with composite ferronickel slag powder in marine environment
		CHEN Feng, TONG Shenghao
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201008
		A laboratory simulation method is used in this study to examine the effect of marine environment on the strength of cemented soil mixed with composite ferronickel slag powder. In the experiment, ferronickel slag powder and mineral powder were mixed into admixture, and then added to a cemented soil. Through erosion analysis, unconfined compression tests, and SEM and EDS test analysis, the influence of marine environment on the apparent characteristics, strength and micro-morphology of this modified cemented soil was studied. Results show that in marine environment, the modified cemented soil is eroded and its strength deteriorated. And its erosion degradation is intensifying over time. However, its component of composite ferronickel slag powder has good durability with micro aggregate effect and active effect. Thus, this type of composite powder can not only improve the strength performance of cemented soil but also reduce its erosion in marine environment and alleviate its strength deterioration.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 102-109 [Abstract] ( 109 ) PDF (3050 KB) ( 285 )

	110	Information expression of concrete dam blocks based on ontology feature model
		WANG Yufeng, ZHOU Yihong, ZHAO Chunju, HU Chao
		DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb.20201009
		To resolve the problem existing in the non-geometric information expressions of concrete dam blocks, this paper firstly describes the product breakdown structure (PBS) and work breakdown structure (WBS) of concrete dam blocks based on dam construction process and sub-projects. Then, using the PBS-WBS composite map, we develop a feature model of dam blocks that describes their geometric information with basic parameters and their non-geometric information with feature trees. Finally, OWL ontology language is used to express the features of dam blocks, and storage, query and update of the feature information are realized. Case analysis proves that this method improves the comprehensive understanding and accuracy of the information of dam blocks and can help construction technicians reasonably assign construction tasks and allocate construction resources.
		2020 Vol. 39 (10): 110-120 [Abstract] ( 127 ) PDF (2469 KB) ( 328 )