Abstract: As pivotal control nodes in national water infrastructure, sluice gate dams are key to the evolution of conventional water networks into intelligent ones; Advancement to an intelligent control of these structures is of critical importance. This paper presents a systematic study on technical architectures and implementation pathways for intelligent sluice gate dams, based on the previous definitions of intelligent water dams. The objective is to define and develop a closed-loop intelligent dam system characterized by core functions including proper sensing, realistic analysis, intelligent decision-making, and automatic control. In this framework, an intelligent sluice gate dam is defined as a smart hydraulic structure that integrates Internet of Things (IoT), digital twin technology, artificial intelligence (AI), and automatic control systems, centered on ensuring structural safety, thereby enabling comprehensive capabilities in sensing, analysis, decision-making, and control. We delineates four essential technical components－a digital and intelligent infrastructure, a fusion-intelligence model, a decision-making model, and an automatic control system. And, the critical implementation pathway is elaborated, spanning from monitoring deployment and model construction to optimization based decision-making and closed-loop control. Finally, through case study analysis, we explore practical approaches to both the intelligent retrofitting of existing dams and the construction of new intelligent dams, and verify our new intelligent framework significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of gate regulation, offering an approach useful for developing robust intelligent water networks.

Key words: intelligent sluice gate dam, safety monitoring, digital twins, intelligent decision-making, automatic control